Lock nut



All@ 1, 1943. l. RICHARDSON 2,326,631

LOCK NUT Filed April 14, 1943 TTORNEYS l?, BY

vthe type in which va cushion m tary part of the nut Patented Aug.l 10, 11943 T OFFICE Irving Richardson, Newark, N. J. Application April 14, 1943, seriai'No. 432,953

ook nuts' of ember made a 1miassembly, serves to take up' on in use.

The present invention relates to l looseness or vibrati It is amongthe objects of the invention to provide a nut of-the above type of simple and durable construction, which may bev fabricated expeditiously and at small expense, and inl which the application upon a b likelihood of severing or loosening the washer from the body of the nut, so that the cushion takes a sharp thread impression of the bolt and the nut is thoroughly satisfactory in use.

In the accompanying drawing in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the several featuesof the invention;

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the nut blank, v

Fig; 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2,2 of

Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a plan view`of the nut blank after taken on line ll-Q of indentation of its rim,

Fig. 4 is a sectional view Fig, 3 and showing in dashylines the tool for making the indentations,

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary outer plan view on an enlarged scale of the indented rim shown in Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective of said rim as viewed from the inside,

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the completed nut,

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on line iof Fig. 'l showing in dash lines the tool forcempleting the nut assembly, Y

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a fragment of the cushion washer as it appears after taking apart the assembled lock nut, and,

Fig. 10 is a. view similar to nut as installed for use.

The nut blank lil has a socket ii at one end protru thereof, the wall of which is e thick polygonal Both the socket and its cylindrical inner wail l lare devoid of indentations, keys or ribs. VThe rim of the socket is beveled at i3 to a relatively .thin sharp edge il. v

The cushion 'member vulcanized ber, usually employed for suchpurpose. It ts in the socket, has a bore ld somewhat smaller than the inner thread diameter of the nut and has a thickness such es' to extend substantially to the level of the thick base il of the beveled rim I3 thereof. Y According to the invention, the beveled rim I3` coaxial cylindrical ding from one 'face stock o'f the tapped face-of the rim thus presents a series of flat triangular teeth I9 connected at their lateral edges olt occurs without the indented-with a-crown of equidistant sharplydefined depressions I8, desirably wedge-shaped as shown, the apex of each indentation being near the base of the bevel, said depressions diverging outward to the sharp edge of the rim. The intervening unindented outer fis'forcedinward and by the walls of shaped teeth. rim of course is outer indented f in form as show of -the serrat solely at the inner edge-to form sharp corners 2l thereat, the main body of the indented rim being continuous and uninterrupted.

'Ihe conformation above set forth and shown in Figs. 3 to 6, is readily imparted to the beveled the intervening depressed wedgenot as sharply defined as is the n at 20 and desirably the troughs rim shown in Fig. 2 by a single blow struck by a punch 23 shown in dash lines in Fig'. 4 and which nig. a showing the e considerably thinner :dat bottom I2 of the le is eesirebiy of the has a. crown. oivradiatin teeth 2Q. The punch teeth produce' the sharp triangular or wedge the beveled face i3 angular teeth i@ the Fig. 5. Substantiall formed that converge from the' sides of said triangles l@ and meet to form depressed hollow wedge shaped teeth that are widest at the inner periphery oi the r tion of said bevel radially inward to from comparison of Figs, 2 and 4. The punch as it presses against the thin edge it of the beveled rim B3 eects severing of the inner periphery of said rim to form thecornersi, but thebody'of the beveled rinil i3 beyond said sharp edge ld is sumciently strong to take the sh the punch without rupture. A

.es shown in Fig. 4, 'the indented crown conformed as set forth, extends substantially free from en cushion i5, which preferably is` introduced Linto the socket before the punch forth, but may, ii desired, such punching operation.l

The indented ri rolled inward to become embedded in the washer. -Such rollingfis preferably-effected by a rolling cf the rim, leaving the trirebetween asA best shown in be introduced after rolling confermati thereon, the .pre inward over th inner face of s viously indented` rim is pressed eid 'rimto-oompress the washer The inner face of the inturned ace. 'I'he inner face is serrated ed conformation are interruptedl g uniform triangular -shaped indentations' I8 `in y planefs'urfaces arethereby l By reason of the inclinaf i3, thepunch forces the riinv some extent as appears bestl arp impression of over but is still gagement with the ing operation set m of the socket is thereupon e was'her, thereby to causev the at the troughs or low teethihave ample stiffness which results fromV 'Welt 30 is raised from I the serrated conformation 20, said troughs constituting rounded hollow teeth unitary at their lateral edgesl with those of the intervening triangular teeth I9 so that said holtruss-like arrangement thrust without collapse.

to take the assembly The thrust of rolling `tool 25 effects a attening of the crests of theV serrated edge upon the cushion, as appears from Fig. 7, as .the stiifened troughs of said serrated rim are forced downward to bite against the washe;` l5 andto crenelate it as shown at 28 in Fig. 9. The thrustof the-tool 25 also' causes the sharp serrated inner periphery of the rim and the sharp corners 2l to bite into the face of the washer as shown at 29.

By reason of the deformation of the cushion forcing the troughs of the serrated rim of the socket thereinto, an annular the cushion in intimate contact with the sharp crest edge of the serrated rim that encompasses it. The-effective thickness of the cushion is locking effectiveness upon the bolt.

As a result of the foregoing assembling operation, the cushion is securely, uniformly'and positively locked into the nut, so that there is no possibility of either longitudinal or rotary displacementthereof under the stress of application to the bolt or of vibration or shock in use.

The gripping effectiveness of the socket with respect to the cushion member is uniformly distributed about the periphery of the latter, so thatthere is avoided the local ldistortion or displacement or complete loosening of the cushion that might .be incurred in use if relatively large segments-'of the washer be left unclamped at points between their ends or if the cushion be not adequately locked in place.

As shown in Fig. 10 when thefnut is screwed upon a bolt 3l the thread of the latter impresses its contour into the bore of the cushion as at by reason of their said rim, substantially' plane surfaces converging from the sides of said triangles and meeting to form intervening depressed hollow wedgeshaped teeth that are widest at the inner periphery of said rim.

3. A lock nut comprising a nut blank having a coaxial cylindrical socket protruding from one face thereof presenting a beveled rim, a cushion washer in said socket, said rim extending inward over said washer, and having a continuous serrated conformationv at its inner face,veach individual tooth thereof being wedge-shaped radially thus increased for enhanced 32 andthe latter acts in the well understood manner to retain the nut from loosening'.

As many changes could be made in the above l articlel and method, and many apparently widely and'substantially plane different embodiments ofthis invention could be made without departing from the scope of the claims, it is intended that allmatter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

y Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. A lock nut drical socket protruding from one face thereof, the rim of said socket having a sequence of substantially fiat triangular teeth with the apices thereof near the inner periphery of said rim, surfaces converging from blank having a coaxial cylin;

the sides of said triangles and mee/ting to form intervening depressed hollow wedge-shaped teeth that are widest at vthe inner periphery. of said 2.. A lock nut comprising a nut blank having a coaxial cylindrical socket protruding from oneI .face thereof presenting. a

washer in said socket, said rim extending inward' beveled rim, a cushion over said washer, and having an uninterrupted serrated conformation A the troughsthereof indenting the face of said cushion, Vsaid serrated conformation comprising a sequence of substantially fiat triangular teeth* with :their apices near'the inner periphery of severing the edge at its inner face, with trough indenting 4. A lock nut comprising a nut blank having a coaxial cylindrical socket face thereof presenting a beveled `washer in said socket, said rim extending inward therebetween,

A turned indented of said nut -and presenting a trough widening in a radially inward, direction, the sides of said the faceofsaid cushion.

protruding from one rim, a cushion over said washer, and having a serrated conformation at its innen' face with', the uninterrupted stiff trough portions thereof indenting the face of said cushion and having a sharp serrated edge biting against said cushion, each trough presenting sharp corners at its inner edge biting into said cushion. p

5. A lock nut comprising a nut blank having a coaxial cylindrical socket protruding` from one lface thereof, presenting a beveled rim, a cushion m mber fitting into said socket, said rim exte ding inward and being sharply indented at short uniform intervals, affording a series of connected hollow teeth and`presenting -a serrated inner face with sti continuous trough portions indenting said cus 'on and having relatively sharp edge portions biting against said cushion.

6. A lock nut comprising a nut blank having i an upstanding socket, afcushion member insaid socket, therim of'said socket being beveled and having a multiplicity of sharply defined Wedge- -shaped indentations at uniformly spa-ced intervals and diverging radially inward, said-rim having a Series of substantially hollow triangular teeth, connected by said indentations, the inner f ace of said rim having a serrated conformation with the troughs. of said conformation severed solely at their innermost edges to form sharp corners thereat, said serrated edge and the sharp corners thereat being embedded'in the puter face of the cushion.

7. The method of assembling a lock nut which consists in sli/arply depressing the inwardly bev' eled lrim of the upstanding socket of a nut blank at a multiplicity of pointsspaced about the circumerence thereof, to form relatively sharp indentations in 'said rim that define hollow teeth and thereby serrating and stiiening said rim and then pressing said inturned indented nim t'ofemb'ed the serrated stiffened inner face thereofinto a cushion washer lodged in said socket.`

8. Th method -or assembling a lock'nut which consists in sharply depressing the `inwardly beveled rim of the upstanding ,socket of a nut blank, at a multiplicity of points spaced about the circumference thereof to fbrm relatively sharpedged triangular indentations in said rim while thereof 'to form sharp corners at said severed regions, said indentations ydefining triangular hollow teeth therebetween at the outer, face ofthe rim, the inner facevof the rim becoml ving serrated, and thereupon pressing said inl,

rim to embed the serrated-inner thev sharp corners thereat lodged inc'said socket.

face thereof as well. as into a cushion member- `are thereby severed to solely at; the inner rimedge of the depressions, 

